Plants by Numbers

All zones /

4a Planting calendar for zone 4a

USDA hardiness zone 4a: average annual extreme minimum -30°F to -25°F. 814 US ZIP codes fall in this zone.

Freeze dates for zone 4a

Median dates across 386 NOAA weather stations in zone 4a (1991–2020 normals). In zone 4a, the average coldest night of the year falls between -30°F and -25°F.

ThresholdLast spring freeze (median)Typical rangeFirst fall freeze (median)Typical range
36°F (light freeze — tender plants hurt)May 24May 17 – May 31Sep 16Sep 10 – Sep 21
32°F (freeze)May 15May 7 – May 27Sep 24Sep 16 – Sep 29
28°F (hard freeze)May 5Apr 29 – May 16Oct 2Sep 24 – Oct 8

Growing season at 32°F (50% probability): —.

Planting calendar — zone 4a

Cropjanfebmaraprmayjunjulaugsepoctnovdec
Tomatoes···ST
D
·······
Peppers··SST·······
Cucumbers···SS
T
D
·······
Zucchini & Summer Squash···SS
T
D
·······
Winter Squash & Pumpkins···SS
T
D
·······
Snap Beans····D·F·····
Sweet Corn····D·······
Peas···D··F·····
Lettuce···S
D
ST·F····
Spinach···D···F····
Carrots···D··F·····
Radishes···D···F····
Broccoli···S
D
T·F·····
Garlic·······F····
Potatoes····D·······

S = start seeds indoors · T = transplant outside · D = direct sow · F = fall planting

Every crop, zone 4a